C. Lalduhawma, District TB Centre, Falkawn

Kum 1882, March 24 daih tawh khan TB hrik hi German mithiam Dr. Robert Koch-an a lo hmuchhuak daih tawh a. March 24 hi World TB Day atan kumtin hman a ni nghe nghe, Mizoramah pawh kumtin hman ve thin a ni. Nitin India ramah TB vei thar 5000 aia tam hmuhchhuah a ni a. Chutih laiin, TB vanga thi hi nitin mi 1000 vel zel awm anga chhut a ni bawk. Mizoram-ah hian chawhrualin nitin TB vei thar 6-7 zel hmuchhuak ang kan ni.

Mizo ten Ngawr kan tih mai TB (Tuberculosis) hi Mizoramah kan hmelhriatna a lo rei ve ta hle mai. Thihna tam tak hi he natna avang hi a ni a tih theih awm e. TB hian kan khawtlangah leh chhungkuaah nghawng a la neih reng avang hian inzirtir thar leh he natna chungchang hrim hrim hi kan vei thar a ngai a. Mitin tena kan vei theih TB tibo turin kan tanrual a ngai takzet a ni.

Boruak kaltlangin TB natna hi a taidarh a. Tichuan, Chuap TB natna nei (Pulmonary TB) kha a khuh emaw, a hahchhiau emaw, chil a chhah emaw khan amah atanga siper, te tak te te (droplet) TB hrik pai boruaka lo leng chhuak kha mi tuemawin lo hip lut ta sela, TB natna a lo kai thei a ni. Kum bithliah leh dinhmun inthliarna awm hauh lovin he natna hi tu pawhin an kai thei a ni. Chuap TB vei enkawl loh phei chuan kum khat chhungin mi 10-15 a kaichhawng thei hial a ni.

He hrik hi boruak a leng kan hip luh avangin inkaichhawn a awl em em a, mahse TB veiin damdawi tha taka a ei chuan tihdam theih a ni tih kan hriat a tha. 

TB hi hlawm lian pahniha then a ni a :-

1. Chuap TB (Pulmonary TB) : TB vei zinga zaa 85-90 hi Chuap TB vei an ni a. Midang an kaichhawng thei. Chuap TB natna vei tena an tih tur pawimawh ber pakhat chu an khuhin emaw an hahchhiauin rawmawl fai emaw puanin an hnar leh ka an hup tur a ni. Hemi piah lama kan hriattur chu Chuap TB vei ten TB damdawi an ei atanga kar rei loteah TB natna hrik midangah a kai thei tawh lo anga ngaih a ni.

2. Chuap pawnlam TB (Extra Pulmonary TB ): TB vei zaa 10-13 hi Chuap pawnlam TB - Ruh, Ril, Thalbe, Kal, Vun leh adangte an ni. Chuap pawnlam TB erawh hi chuan tumah an kaichhawng ve thei lo tih kan hriat a tha awm e.

TB hi vei awlsam bik an awm a, chung mite chu :-

i) Zuk leh hmuam heh mi te      

ii) Taksa chakna pai tam chaw tha ei tlemte      

iii) Zana pindan up tak leh chep taka riak thin te

iv) Zu leh ruihtheihthil ti thin te   

v) HIV hrik pai te   

vi) Cancer vei te      

vii) Zunthlum vei te.

TB natna laka invendan tha ber chu kan taksa tichhe thei laka kan filhlim hi a ni.

A lanchhuah dan tlangpui han tarlang leh ila :-

1. Chawlhkar hnih emaw a aia rei khuh

2. Chawlhkar hnih emaw a aia rei khawsik

3. Khak thi

4. Chaw ei tui lo

5. Rihna tlahniam

6. Thawhah

7. Zan lama thlanfim tla

8. Thalbe bawk

Heng bakah hian a awmna hmun a zirin a lanchhuah dan a danglam thei tih kan hriat tel a tha awm e.

TB leh HIV hi inlaichhinna thuk tak an nei a, HIV/AIDS hian thisena natna hrik dotu a eichhiat thin avangin TB an vei awlsam em em a, TB veiin HIV/AIDS hrik a pai emaw chuan rang zawkin taksa a chhiat pui thin a ni. HIV/AIDS vei zingah zaa sawmsarih (70%) zelin TB an vei anga chhut a ni a. TB vei zaa sawmpathum (13%) zelin HIV/AIDS hrik pai anga chhut a ni bawk.

Multi Drug Resistant TB - MDR-TB (TB Benvawn) - TB veiin TB damdawi a ei tur ang a ei that loh avangin leh a ei hun chhung a ei kim loh avangin he MDR-TB hi a vei thei a. Tihdam harsa leh hlauhawm midangte kaichhawn awlsam tak a nih avangin a vei ten tha taka kan ei hi kan mawhphurhna a ni.

TB hi boruakah chiah a inkai theih a. Bungbel inhman tawm te, chaw eiho leh tuino inhman tawm te leh inkhawih in a kai theih loh a ni.

TB umbo anih theihna tur chuan a vei te hmuh chhuah vat a, enkawlna pek vat a pawimawh a. TB vei rinhlelh te inentir tura hriattir vat te, TB vei thei awm mi zawnchhuah te hi kan zavaia kan tih vek theih a ni. Mipuite pawhin a dona kawngah kan theihna zawn theuhah hma la turin kan inchah a ni.   

Sawrkar damdawi In - UPHC/CHC/PHC ah a thlawnin khak a exam theih reng a. Tin, TB i inringhlel anih chuan Health and Wellness Centre emaw Sub-Centre emaw pan vat thin ang che. TB damdawi pawh a thlawn vekin damlo tan a awm a ni.

TB vei te endawng mai lo la, an dam ngei theih nan tanpui la, an harsatna hriatthiam puia enkawl hi mitin mawhphurna a ni.

TB umbo turin i tangrual ang u.