- Mordekai V. Vungliana 

M.A. History B.Ed. 

Chairman, Vanapa Thlan Sub-Committee/ Adviser Hnahlan Welfare Committee, Hqrs.: Aizawl

Ph no:9436198907 / 6909140660

Mizo Pasaltha chhuanvawr Vanapa (Thangzachhinga) hi mi huaisen, zaidam, tlawmngai, chanhai leh hmeithâi chhumchhiate thlavâng hauh thintu, sa leh râlhmaa zam ngai lo, Pa fing Lal thurâwn petu leh Lal tizahawm a, Lal kaihza vengtu ber a ni.

Vanapa lo awm tawh thinna khuate : 1. Zawngtah 2. Kelsih 3. Hlimen 4. Aizawl 5. Darlawng 6. Lamtual 7. Saitual 8. Puilo 9. Vancheng 10. Awnnu 11. Tualte 12. Lungdup 13. Champhai 14. Kelkâng 15. Diltlang (Kanghmun) 16. Lungfai 17. Khuanglam.

Vanapa hi Sailo Lal Pu Lalsavunga Sailo, Pu Vanhnuailiana Sailo, Pu Liankhama Sailo te hun laia an pasaltha a ni. Vanapa hian a hun hnuhnung hi N.Diltlang (Kanghmun) leh Khuanglamah a hmang a. Heng lai vela a awmlai “Saithuama Ram Diltlang ngeiah hian tar upa tak ni ve tawhin a thi” tih hi Vanapa chanchin lo ziak hmasa bertu Pu Chalkhuma chuan Mizo leh Vai chanchin Bu li-na (4) April 1926, Editor Makthanga – Aijal (Page 92-95)ah chiang takin a lo ziak daih tawh a. Hei hi Vanapa thih thu ziak hmasa ber a ni bawk. Pu Chalkhuma hi hmanlai lehkhathiam, sap tawng leh vai tawng pawh thiam em em a ni a, Khawchhak Presbytery (undevided), Phuaibuang Kohhran Biak Ina neihah khan moderator a lo ni tawh nghe nghe.

Vanapa hi Hnahlan Lal Saithuama Sailo ram chhung N.Diltlang rama a awm laia thi a nih avangin Tuithoh kamah hian phum nghal a ni a. A thlan lung pawh tun thlengin hmuh theihin a la awm. A thlan lung hi hmanlai Pasalthate lung phun dan dik takin, an mi thah leh sa kahte zat chiah lo mah se, lung pakhat mai ni lo an phun tlar thin a, chutiang chiah chu Tuithoh kama Vanapa thlan kan hmuh hi a ni.

He thuziak nemnghehna dangte chu C. Vaninmawia, 2nd. Year B.A zirlai pawhin Aizawl College Magazine 1988-1989-a Vanapa chanchin 1790’s-1870’s (page 51)-a a ziahnaah “Champhaia an awmlai chuan Vanhnuailiana a thi a, a fapa Liankhama’n a pa a thih hnu chuan Vanapa chu Diltlangah a indanpui a, hetah ngei hian kum 1870 velah khan Vanapa chu putar takin a lo thi ve ta” a lo ti leh bawk. 

Pu C.Vanlallawma M.A, Hrângbana College Lecturer chuan ‘Runlum’ thla tin chhuak June 1989 Page 17 paragraph tawp berah “Champhaia an awmlai hian Vanhnuailiana chu kum 1870-ah a thi ve leh a, a fapa Liankhama’n Vanapa chu Diltlangah a indanpui leh ta zel a ni. Hetih lai hian Vanapa chu kum 80 emaw lâi a ni tawh a, hrisel tha tak a nih avangin a la bawksawp lo viau si a ni. A thihna hmun a sawi danin Pu Chalkhuma lo ziak tawh ang tho hian hemi khua Saithuama ram Diltlangah ngei hian Lalburha hrem tura Vâilian 1872 hma hret khan Vanapa chu upa tak kum 82 mi vel niin a lo thi ve ta a ni” tih thu a sawi.

THANGTHARTE TANA THURO CHHUNKHAWM, 1995. Published by Brig. Sapliana, page 72-ah pawh “Vanapa thlan chu Hnahlan khaw thlen hma Tuițhoh bulah a awm a, chu chu YMA-te’n humhalhin an buaipui mek a, Hnahlan YMA-te hi an fakawm hle mai” a lo ti leh zel a. ZONUN TIMAWITU Vanapa leh Taitesena by C.Hermana lehkhabu 2003-a ziah phek 65-naah pawh Mizo Academy of Letters chuan an thlakip chanchinbu, Thu leh Hla Journal, December 1999, phek 24-naah kum 1926, April- thla chhuak Page 95-na a Mizo leh Vai chanchinbua Pu Chalkhuma Dimphai leilet amiin Vanapa chanchin a lo ziak tawh chu an chhuah thar leh a, chutah chuan Pu Chalkhuma chuan Vanapa chu putar tawh tak niin Diltlang khuaa thiin a sawi thung. Heta Diltlang a tih hi Tuithoh kam Diltlang ram, Hnahlan Lal Pu Saithuama Sailo ram chhung vek ani.`

Vanapa tuchhuan paruk(6)na Pu C.Thasiama chuan Dt.30, August, 2005 khan Tribal Research Institute leh Art & Culture Department buatsaihin Archive Hall, Babutlangah ‘Symposium on Vanapa leh Ropuiliani thlan an buatsaihah RD Department Minister, Pu Aichhinga’n a hmanpui a. He hmunah hian Vanapa ațanga thlah ruk(6)-na Pu C.Thasiama chuan thu sawiin “An pu Vanapa thlan awmna chu an Pi leh Pu ațanga an lo inhrilhchhawn danah chuan Hnahlan ram Tuițhoh lui kamah a ni” tih thu a sawi. (Ref.: Vanglaini 31st August 2005). 

Mizo historian lar tak Pu B.Lalthangliana pawhin Vanapa thlan awmna a ziahna ‘Zotui’ 2006, page 186 leh MIZO CHANCHIN CHIK TAKA CHHUINA (A Critical Studies in Mizo History) 2011, page 102-naah hetiang hian a ziak leh a, “Hetianga ngun taka kan chhuia kan zirchian hnuin Mizo Pasaltha hmingthang Vanapa thlan hi Hnahlan (N.Diltlang) rama Tuițhoh lui kamah a ni, ti ila pawm a nuam ber awm e” a lo ti leh zel bawk a ni.

Hetiang thuziak leh Mizo History bu hrang hrang bakah Vanapa thlah tuchhuan ruk(6)na Pu C.Thasiama te chhungkua thu inhlanchhawn (oral tradition) ațangte hian Pu Liankhama hian Zawlnghakah hian Vanapa hi a hruai lut tawh lo tih a chiang hle.Mizo history bu hrang hrangah pawh Vanapa hi Rabung, Aiduzawl, Zawlnghak rama a kal thu leh a thih thu thuziak hmuh tur pakhat mah a awm lova, Tuithoh kam ah a thi a, a lu nghahna a ni a, a thlan a awm tih thu chu Mizo Ziak mi rintlak Historian mi sawm (10) in Mizo History by hrang hrangah an ziak.Vanapa thlah Pi Ngochhumi leh Pu Zumura, Zawlnghak-a awmte pawhin Vanapa chanchin an sawi thu a lang tawh miah lova, chuvang chuan Vanapa hi Hnahlan Lal Pu Saithuama Sailo ram N.Diltlang ah ngei hian a hun tawp hmangin a thi a, Vanapa damlai N.Diltlang (Kanghmun)-a a awmlai hi Pi Chalzingi Pa, Pu Chhingzathanga leh Pu Ralthanga Pa, Darzakunga Hnahlan khua amite hian an mit ngeiin an hmu a ni. Tuithoh lui kam tuna a Thlan awmna hmun ngeiah hian phum a ni tih hi Archeological Evidence chiang taka finfiah (proved) a ni.

Art & Culture Department hotute’n ni 20.10.2004 khan Tuithoh kama Vanapa thlan hi Hnahlan Branch YMA-te nen an hawng/ lai nawn leh a, Vanapa ruang lo zalhna ngei a ni tih chiang takin a lang. A lu, awmna, mal, ngal, ke awmna thla te hriat theihin a lo la lang vek a. Archeological Evidence, Fossil Remain chiang taka hmuh theihin a awm. Ref. Video and Still Camera-a thlalak ni 20.10.2004 ami chu Art & Culture Department, Govt. of Mizoram-te’n an kawl tha e. 

Chutihlaiin khaw thenkhatin Vanapa thlan nia an hriat an laih ve chu lei char laih mai mai leh mitthi phumna hnu hma awm ang pawh engmah an hmu ve lo. Lung chhe te dawh ve mai mai a ni a, Vanapa tuchhuan Pu C.Thasiama sawi danin,” Kan unau Rabung te’n Vanapa Thlan an tih hi chu a lu nghahna leh a Thlan dik tak ni lovin a Hriatrengna Lungdawh mai ani a, Hnahlan ram Tuithoh kam ami hi chu Vanapa thlan dik tak leh a lu nghahna dik tak zawk a ni.”

Vanapa thlan Tuithoh lui kamah A awm tih thu sawitute:

1. Pu Ralngena, kum 83, Hnahlan

2. Pu Tawnliana, kum 88, Hnahlan

3. Pu Saichhama, kum 86, Hnahlan

4. Pu Saithuama Sailo, kum 62, Hnahlan Lal

5. Pu Chalkunga, kum 90, Champhai Kahrawt

6. Pu Hausiama, kum 80, Champhai Kahrawt

7. Pu Kaphranga Hmar, kum 93, Ruantlang

8. Pu Thanghlira Tlau(Pabiala), kum 75, Ruantlang

9. Pu K.Rochhunga, kum 66, Ruantlang

10. Pu Vanlalnghina Sailo, kum 78, Hnahlan Lal

11. Pu Vanlalzuata M.A. History B.Ed Lecturer Govt. Mizo Higher Secondary School, Aizawl 

Ngopa Branch lehkha pawimawh ațanga Vanapa thlan Hnahlan ram tuithoh kamah a awm ngei a ni tih sawitute:

1. Pu Khawvelthanga, kum 83

2. Pu JC Dailova, kum 50

3. Pu Vawkruala, kum 90

Vanapa Diltlanga a awmlai mit ngeia hmutute: Pi Chalzingi Pa, Pu Chhingzathanga, Pu Ralthanga Pa, Pu Darzakunga

Vanapa thlan Tuithoh kama mi hi a dik ngei a ni tichiangtute chu:

1. Vanapa thih thu ziak hmasa ber Pu Chalkhuma ziak Mizo leh Vai Chanchin Bu 4-na April, 1926, Editor Makthanga Aijal, page 82-85 ah chiang taka ziahlan a ni.

2.Mizo History, Monthly Magazine, Journal, daily newspaper-ah te hian Vanapa thlan Tuithoh kama a awm a, thu thuziak hmun dang aiin a tam ber.

3. Vanapa thlah leh chhungte thu inhrilhchhawn (Oral Tradition) ah Tuithoh kam an ti a, Tuithoh kam lo hmun dangah Vanapa thlan a awm theih loh thu leh a awm niin sawi mahse an pawm theih loh thu an sawi bawk.Hetiang bawk hian Vanapa ramchhuah pui leh thiantha Mizo Pasaltha tho – Pu Tawkthiala thlah te Pu K.Rochhunga leh a fapa Pu K. Vanlalzuata M.A History, Higher Secondary School Lecturer Govt. Mizo Higher Secondary School a thawk Champhai Ruantlang te chuan an Pi leh Pu atanga an thu inhlan chhawn danin Mizo Pasaltha Vanapa hi Tuithoh lui kam Hnahlan ramah a thi a, an phum nghal a, a Lu nghahna dik tak leh a Thlan dik tak awmna a ni a. Heihi kum 1945-Indopui II-na a Japan khawpui Hiroshima ni 6th August 1945 Nagasaki khawpuiah ni 9th August 1945-ah atom bomb U.S.A in ENOLA GAY thlawhna Colonel Paul Tibet khalh chuan Atom Bomb LITTLE BOY leh FAT MAN an thlak avangin Japan Sawrkar chu an tlawm ta a. 

An tlawm hnu khan Chin Hills- a Japan Ralthuam leh Bungrua an dahkhhawm/ chhekkhawmna TUIKHIANG - a Japan sipai Ralthuam, Bungraw kalsan la tura Mizo Pa ho kal te chuan, Tuithoh kamah Vanapa a thi a, a Lu nghahna dik tak leh a Thlan awmna ani tih hriaiin TUIKHIANG-a Japan Ralthuam /Bungrua la tura kal te hian Hnahlan kawng leh Diltlang Hnahlan Lal Pu Saithuama Sailo Lalram chhunga mi tho kawng zawh ho hian kum 1945- daih hian Vanapa Thlan Tuithoh kama mi hi an tlawh luai luai tawh tih i hre theuh bawk ang u.

4. A thlan lungphun hi Pasaltha Lungphun dan dik tak niin an mi kah leh sa kah zat chiah lo mahse Thlan Lung pakhat aia tam phun tlar thin a ni.

5. December ni 5th 2019- khan Vanapa tuchhuan te chuan an Pi leh Pu atanga an thu inhlan chhawn dan atangin Tuithoh kam Vanapa thlan chu an Pu Vanapa Thlan dik tak nia an hriat avangin a nemnghehna leh hriatrengna Lung Tuithoh kam Vanapa thlan a tira an phun Original bulah a nemnghehna leh hriatrengna Vanapa Thlanlung an phun a, he Vanapa Thlan nemngheh leh Lungphun ni hian Vanapa tuchhuan te mi 17- an kal.Chu bakah May 1st 2026 Zirtawpni (Friday) khan Vanapa tuchhuan te chuan Tuithoh kama an Pu Vanapa Thlan tlawhin an nemnghehna Lungphun Foundation chei thain Granite an phah chhuak veka. Hemi Ni hian Vanapa tuchhuan te mi 30 an kal bawk.

6. Dt 20.10.2004-a Art & Culture Department, Govt. of Mizoram hotute : Deputy Director Pu Lalchuailoa leh Research Investigator Pu Lalruatfela leh Pu C.Lalaudinga INTACH member hovin Hnahlan Branch YMA-te'n Vanapa Thlan chu an laih/ haihawn leh naah Vanapa Ruang zalhna ngei a ni tih finfiah a ni - a Lu, a Awm, a Mal, a Ngal, a Ke awmna thlate a lo la lang thei vek a, heta tang hian Vanapa thlan dik tak a ni tih Archeological Evidence leh Fossil Remains ațanga finfiah (proved)-na hmuh theih chiang takin a awm a, hei hi video leh still camera-a lak a ni a, Art & Culture Department-ah leh Vanapa Thlan sub-committee Hnahlan khua te’n hmuh theihin an kawlin a la awm reng a, tun thleng hian Tuithoh kam Vanapa Thlan laih chu Vanapa Thlan sub-committee Hnahlan te’n hmuh theih leh en theihin an la kawl tha vek a ni. 

Hetiang bawk hian Vanapa thlan awmna dang sawi vetu te kan unau Rabung khua te chuan Rabunga an Pitarte Thusawi mizo history bu khat mah a chuang si lo Vanapa thlan an tihve chu ni 08.04.1992- khan Rabung khaw mipui leh hetih hunlaia Art & Culture Director Mizoram Pu C.Laitanga hovin an lai a, Pu C.Laitanga an cheh hmasak tir ber a; mahse vanduaithlak takin Vanapa lu nghahna leh an phumna dik tak ni lo chu thuk tak thleng an laih hnu pawhin Vanapa phumna / Mihring phumna hnu hma pakhat mah- Archaeological Evidence an hmu lo va, lei char laih mai mai a ni a, an beidawnga an chhilh leh tawp. A thlan laih video pawh Hnahlan Tuithoh kama lai tuten Vanapa Thlan laih video engkim hmuh tur an neih laiin Rabung lam Vanapa thlan laih video hmuh tur engmah a awm ve lo.

Hetiang baka chiang hi History chhuina tlang ațang chuan thu chhut dan leh chhui dan a awm thei tawh lo. Chutihlaiin Zawlnghak Rabung lamin Pu C.Laitanga hovin an lai a, mahse mihring phumna hnuhma Fossil Remains Zawlnghak Rabung ramah hian engmah hmuh a awm ve lo a ni.

Vanapa tuchhuan te’n Tuithoh lui kam Hnahlan ram hi an Pi leh Pu atanga an inhrilh chhawn danin Vanapa thihna leh a Lu nghahna a Thlan dik tak awmna a ni e an tih avangin hemi thu an nemnghehna leh hriatrengna lung Ni 5th December 2019- ah an chhungkaw lungrualin he hriatrengna lung hi an phun ani.

Tuithoh kam Vanapa thlan hi Art & Culture hotute pawn dik zawka an ngaih avangin Vanapa Thlan panna peng ah he lung hi an phun ani.

Hei hi kum 1871 - a Vanapa thihna a ruang an hmuhna leh an phumna a thlan dik tak – a Thlan Original ani a, lung pakhat aia tam an phunna chhan hi Mizo Pasaltha chhuanvawr leh ihrang Thlan tih hriatna amah an theih ang tawka an Chawimawina Thlan siam anih hi.

REFERENCES:

1. AIZAWL COLLEGE ANNUAL MAGAZINE 1988-1989: Vanapa

Chanchin1790's-1870's, page 51 by C.Vaninmawia 2nd. Year B.A student

2. C.Thasiama, Vanapa ațanga thlah 6-na thusawi, Vanglaini 31st. August, 2005, front page

3. MIZO CHANCHIN CHIK TAKA CHHUINA(A Critical Studies in Mizo History), page102 by B.Lalthangliana

4. MIZO LEH VAI CHANCHIN BU, Bu 4-na, April 1926 Editor:

Makthanga, Aijal (page 92-95)

5. Mizo  Pasaltha  hmingthang  VANAPA  (THANGZACHHINGA) CHANCHIN LEH A THLAN by C.Lalaudinga

6. RUNLUM: thlatin chhuak, JUNE 1989, page 17 by C.Vanlallawma M.A, Lecturer, HBC

7. THANGTHARTE  TANA  THURO  CHHUNKHAWM,  1995,

published by Brig. Sapliana, page 72

8.VANAPA (THANGZACHHINGA) CHANCHIN LEH A THLAN

by C.Lalaudinga page 89.

9. ZONUN TIMAWITU: VANAPA LEH TAITESENA (Vanapa thlan

khawiah nge?) by C.Hermana, page 64-65

10. ZOTUI, 2006, page 186 by B.Lalthangliana