- Dr. Laldinpuia

Centre for Disaster Management

Mizoram University

October ni 13 hi International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction a ni a, kumtin chhiatna thleng thei laka invenna leh kan tuar nep theihna atana inzirna ni ah hman a ni thin. Kum 2024-ah hian he ni thupui atan ‘Discover the role of education in protecting and empowering youth for a disaster- free future’ thlan a ni a. Chhiatrupna lo thleng thinte a reh theih nan inzirtina neih tam hi a pawimawh a, thalaite tha tho taka kan chet ho theih nana ke kan pen zel pawh a tul viau. Rilru leh taksaa chhiatna hrang hrang nghawng tuar nasa zingah thalaite hi kan tel a. Keimahni tho hi chhiatna laka midangte thlamuan leh tanpui tura che chhuak thin kan ni bawk. Chhiatna kan tawh thinte atang hian kan inzir ang a, kan tih fuh loh te leh hmasawn kan ngaihna lai te kan chhinchhiah ang, hma lam kan pen zel ang. Khuarel chhiatna leh kan tawn buak chhiatna chi hrang hrangte hi tawk fo thin ram ni mah ila, chhiatna lo thlen hma leh a hnua chetlak dan hmang kan thiam a, a hun tak zela che chhuak tura kan than harh phawt chuan: ‘Chhiatna tawk thei ram ni si, mahse tuar nep ram’ kan ni thei ngei ang.

Kan ram in a hnaih ber tuipui, Bay of Bengal hi thlipui/ thlichhia (Cyclone) insiam tam ber na hmun a ni a, tropical cyclone 80% zet a insiam a, chhiatna pawh a thlen tam tawh hle. Cyclone hi 50m china thuka tuifinriat tui lum zawng chu 26oC chin chunglam a nih hian a insiam thei a. Tuifinriat tui lum hi a tam zawh poh leh, thli chhe tleh hun chhung hi a rei mai thin. Cyclone Remal hian ni 4 leh darkar 12 a awh a, a tleh thui zawng kms 1,294 a tling. India tuipuia cyclone insiam zingah chuan, kum 2023 June thlaa Gujarat state nuaitu Cyclone Biparjoy kha a tleh rei ber a, ni 10 zet a awh a. May ni 16, 2013-a Mizorama school kan chawlh phahna, Cyclone Mahasen khan ni 8 zet a awh bawk. Cyclone hming hi Indian Ocean hmar lam te, Arabian Sea leh Bay of Bengal hnaih ram 12 te hming phuah, thlipui a insiam atanga a indawt zela hming atana hman a ni. Cyclone Remal hi Oman ram phuah a ni a, ‘sand’ (lei, vaivut) tihna a ni.

May ni 24, 2024 khan Cyclone Remal hi Indian Ocean hmar lam, Bay of Bengal tuipuiah a insiam tan a; thlipui hi a tleh nat ber tumin darkar khat km 140km zeta na in a tling hial. May ni 25, Pathianniah West Bengal leh Bangladesh a thleng a, a ken tel ruahsur pawh, 8.2mm kan lo dawng ve a, ni 26 & 27 ah 21.8mm & 80mm kan dawng chhunzawm bawk. May ni 28 (Thawhlehni)-ah thlipui na zaual hi a reh a, mahse he ni hi Mizoramah chuan chhiatna kan tawh ni a ni, ruah hi 205mm zet kan dawng a ni (State Meteorological Centre, DST Aizawl). He thli chhe tleh hian Bangladesh, West Bengal, India Hmarchhak leh Myanmar te a nghawng a. Mi 84 zetin nunna an chan a, Bangladesh-ah mi 19-in nunna an chan a; West Bengal-ah mi 6, Assam-ah mi 4, Meghalaya-ah 1, leh Mizoramah mi 34 zetin nunna an chan a ni.

May ni 27 zingah, Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) chuan Cyclone Remal avanga ruahsur nasa leh thlipui tleh tur thu, inralrin tul thu a puang chhuak a. Mizoram Sorkar pawh a theih ang angin a inbuatsaih ve nghal a, May ni 27 zan laiah, May ni 28 (Thawhlehni) chu zirna in hrang hrang leh office khar a nih tur thu puan a ni. Pathianni atangin khua a cheng tan tawh a, Thawhtanni atanga Thawhlehni tuk thleng (darkar 24) ruahsur chu 205mm zet a tling. Thlipui tleh avanga chhiatna thleng sawi tur a awm loh laiin, a ken tel ruahsur nasa avangin lei a min nasa a, tui pawh a lian a. Tlawng lui lian chuan, kum 2017 kuma tuilian sang lai ber chhinchhiahna pawh a pel a. Aizawl veng hrangah lei a min deuh vek a, inkalpawhna pawh a ping tam a, thlanmual min a awm bawk. Khaw kar kawng a ping nasa a, Aizawl to Zoram Medical College (Falkawn) pawh kawi tinah lei min nasa tak tak a awm avangin, damlo leh mitthi pawh, hlang hmangin mi tlawm ngai ten leimin karah ke-a zawn a ngai hial a ni. Electric hrui lakna leh ban tlu leh chhia a tam avangin ni khat chhung eng pek theih a ni lo a; Tlawng lui lianin Reiek kaia tui pump-na khawl 30 chuang zet a hnawl chhiat avangin, thla 4 chuang zet chu Aizawl tui sem a mumal loh phah ta bawk. Ruahsur nasa nghawng hi a nasat em avangin, May ni 29 (Nilaini) pawh sorkarin chawlh a puang leh a ni.

Thli chhia hi kumtin tum 2 emaw a aia tam emaw tleh ziah ang a ni a. Cyclone Remal ang reng renga kan ramin kan tuar nasat hi a la awm lo. Mi 34 zetin nunna an chan a, Melthumah mi 16 (ruang hmuh loh 3), Hlimenah mi 6, Salem Vengah mi 3, Falkawnah mi 2, leh Kelsih, Lungsei, leh Aibawk (1 ruang la hmuh loh)-ah te mi 1 theuhin nunna an chan a, chhiatna hrang hrang thleng avangin mi 16-in hliam an tuar bawk (DM&R, GoM). District hrang hrang khaw 167-ah chhiat­na a thleng a, tuilian nasa avangin Sairang­ah chhungkaw 57 zet chu hmun him lamah an inthiar chhuak bawk. Hlimen­-ah hian leimin hlauhawm thei a la awm avangin, he thu ziah lai thleng hian chhungkaw 30 zet chu Sorkar buatsaih hmun him lamah an riak chhuak a ni.

   Eng nge kan zir chhuah tur?: Cyclone Remal avanga kan tawrhna hi, kan thenawm State dang aiin kan tuar nasa zawk­in a hriat a. Zir chhuah tur kan nei thei ang. Mimal leh chhungkua anga kan tih theih a awm a, khawtlang leh ram anga kan bawhzui ngai te pawh a ni.

1) Chenna hmun thlan fimkhur: Mizopa chuan mahni in ngei din kan tum thin. Kan sum neih dan azirin, hmun awih lutuk lo leh, hmun him tha zawn hram hram a tha. Mahni veng/ khua lung len zawng anih avanga, awih tlan deuh pawh pawiti lova in leh lo din mai hi chin tam loh a tha. Khawpui leh veng hu lum deuh anih avanga bawh mai lovin, hmun him zawk chu hla deuh pawh ni se, chhiatna laka himna atan chuan thlan zawk a tha.

2) In sakna leh chenna hmun him: Chhungkaw tam tak chu mahni in ni lo, midangte chenna ina khawsa kan ni a. Chhiatna a lo thlen hian, Sorkar atanga tanpuina tam zawk chu chenna in neitu te kutah a lut thin. Kan thil neih chan vek mah ila, khawtlang leh mimal atang bak chuan tanpuina a awm thei lo thin a. Leimin, kangmei, thlipui leh lirnghing laka te hmun him tur in kan zawn a pawimawh.

3) Himna atana insenso hreh loh: Leimin avanga chhiatna tam ber te hi tui­luankawr nei lo, tuidawn nei lo leh insakna hmun himlo a ni. Ruahtui kan dawn tam avangin, tuidawn hi siam a tha a, kan khawl theih phei chuan, sum tam tak kan hum bakah, thal hunah kan buai lo ang. Fur lai chuan, tuizem lian tha tak pawh nei ila, kan dah khawl seng lo a. Ruahtui leh kan tui hman angte hi tha taka a luan ral zung zung theih nan, tuiluankawr kan siam tur a ni. Mahni mai neih a tawk lo, kan kawmchhak, kawmthlang, thenawmte pawhin tuiluankawr hi an neih ve vek a ngai a. Hengte hi lakhawmin, kawrpui ah a luang chhuak thei ngei ngei tur a ni.

Kawr rih leh siam a rem lo anih pawhin, pipe hmang pawhin kan lakhawm tur a ni a. Tuiluankawr leh tuidawn siam nan, sum kan lo seng a nih pawhin, insenso na tha a ni. Tuiluankawr mumal nei lo leh siam loh avanga in leh lo chan chu pawi tak a ni a; hmun hma han siam tha leh tur chuan, tuiluankawr siam thar bakah lungrem nen, in thawm thatna nen, tha leh hun a heh bakah, senso a sang tawh thin.

4) Tui luang tih muan leh a venna siam: Tuiluankawr hi kan himna a nih rual­in, chhiatna thlentu a ni thei. Tun hma zawng aiin kawrte te hi kan neih that tak avangin, fur lai chuan kan kawr leh lui tui hi a tam tial tial ang. Hmun awih tlanah chuan, kawr kan siamin a chhawr dawh nei thliahin siam a tha; hei hian tui luang kha a ti muang a, hmun hniam lama luang chak lutuk avanga lei a hrut nasa tur kha a veng ang. Kawr kam hrula in sa kan tam ta, kawr kam tawn tawn te hi lung­rem leh thildang hmanga kan inven loh chuan, kan ram a ei chak bakah leimin hial a thlen thin.

5) Thing awmna hmun leh kih tulna hmun: Thing hian lei kal ral chak tur a veng a, boruak tha min pe tu a nih bakah, leimin tam tak hi a veng thin. In bul hnai lutuka a awm chuan, thlipui tleh nikhua in a hlauhawm a, a zar thlak te pawh a tul thin. Kawng kam hnaiha thing awmte hian kawngko min a siam tam a, thing tlu avanga kawng hnawh leh, in leh lo, lirthei den chhiat pawh a tam. Electric hrui kalnaah phei chuan, thing zar in a sik loh nan kih emaw, hunbi neia a zar thlak fo pawh a tul.

6) Tui tamna hmun leh kawr hnaiha mite fimkhur a ngai: Tui hna tamna leh kawr kam hnaih lutuk hmun hi fimkhur ngaihna a tam, in leh lo din nan chuan hmun him a ni lo. Kan in sakna hmuna tui hna a lo awm anih chuan, hnawh lovin, a tlinna tur leh a luanna tur siam ngei ngei tur a ni. Tui hi a an pui, a thlakna tur an la siam chhuak thei lo; a tel lovin kan nung thei lo, chuvangin tui hi zah tur a ni. Tui hnaihna leh tamna hmun hi leitlahniam leh min a thleng fo. Ek in khur leh soak pit te pawh hi kan in leh lo hmun himlo thlentu a nih theih avangin, a siam dan leh dahna hmun turah mithiamte rawn a him ber.

7) Lei vung chhek khawl loh tur: Leimin thleng tam tak hi kan fimkhur loh avang a ni a, chung zingah chuan, lei vung chhek dan dik loh pawh hi a tel. Kan in hmun hma a inang lo, hmun thenkhatah chuan kan lei laihna vungte han paihna a hlat avangin, sai ip ah te chhek in, in hmun hma, kawm chhak kawm thlang han dawl nana hmang kan awm thin. A dawlna tha tak kan siam loh thin avangin, ruah bawhawk tla leh khaw cheng reiah tui a lo pawm a, a rih belh avanga hetiang ang chimin leimin a thlen a tam. Lei vung hi chu a paihna hmuna paih zel hi a tha ber a, kan hmang tangkai duh a nih pawhin, a dawl zo ngei turin lung rem hnan emaw, hmun hul deuh zawka dah emaw tal kha a him.

8) Khaw chin ngaih pawimawh: Khaw chin puan lawk ang hi social media hmangin a darh chak a, hengte hi ngaih pawimawh a tha. Mi tam zawkin smartphone kan chelek ta, khawchin hriat theihna apps chi hrang hrang- Mausam (IMD siam) te, David Weather te, etc. te hi install ve ila. A dik vek lo maithei e, mahse, hengte hian kan chhuah vah dan turte, leh in lama kan lo inbuatsaih dan turah min pui thei ang. Cyclone warning a awm phei chuan, thlipui leh ruah sur nasa thei lakah kan lo inhma khua thei dawn a. ‘A thleng leh tak tak lo ang’, ti mai lovin, ‘lo thleng palh ta se, kei leh ka chhungte, leh midang­te hi kan him angem’, tiin kan in leh lo, kan hnathawhna leh awmna hmun apiang kha kan thlithlai zawk tur a ni.

9) Dan zawm mai hi a tha ber: Sorkar, khawtlang leh kohhran ten dan kan nei thin a, heng dan leh inkaihhruaina te hi thil tha leh him tak a ni zel. Lirthei nei chuan, insurance a tih a ngai a; hengte hi thuneituten endik dawn lo mah se, accident han tawh palh chuan, insurance lo tih thatna a chiang thin. Chhiatna chi hrang hrangte hi tawk thei ve vek kan nih avangin, mahni in leh lo neite phei chuan, kan chenna in te hi insurance ti ila. Kan hma hun kan hriat loh avangin, insurance kan lo tih avang hian, chhiatna avanga kan hloh tam tak tur kha kan lo tuar nep thei ang.

In leh lo din turin, Aizawl khawpuiah chuan dan zawm tur pahnih a awm- Site Development & Slope Modification (SD&SM) Regulations leh Building Regulations te. He dan anga hma kan lakin, senso lo sangin, hun leh tha pawh lo duh deuh mah se, kan himna atana dan siam a ni a, zawm mai hi a tha ber. Chhiatna lo thlengah pawh hian, in leh lo din nana dan awm sa zawm lo mai pawh ni lo, thenawm leh khawtlang te pawhin an himna atana thurawn an pek pawh pawisa lo an awm a,chhiatna rapthlak tak a lo thleng ta si a, a pawi hle a ni.

Sorkarin dan a zam te hi, thil kan tih theih avang emaw, hmelhriat kan neih that avang emaw, sum kan lo neih deuh avangte pawh lo ni se, palzut tur a ni lo a, inkaihhruaina ang kha han zawh kim ve vek ila, kan tan pawh a him a, a lo tha zel thin. Kumtin hian lo hal hun hi March ni 15 aia hma tih a ni deuh ziah thin. Hemi hnua hal avang hian, kum 2020 kumah pawh khan ram kang a tam bik nia hriat a ni.

10) Lo inhma khua lawk leh lo inralrin a tul: Thil tha leh lawmawm, malsawmna te kan dawng a, kan nei a, hetih lai hian thil thalo leh chhiatna pawh hi kan tuar ve thei tho tih hre reng ila. Lirnghing lo thleng ta se, engtin nge awm ila him ang tih ang te, leimin leh kangmei tuar ta ila, eng nge tih tur tih angte hi kan lo ngaihtuah lawk a, kan inzir ve pawh a tul. Favang leh thal hun kan thleng mai dawn a, he hun hi chhiatna lo thleng thei laka kan inbuatsaihna hun tha ber a ni e.

Kan document hlu leh pawimawh angte hi digilocker hmanga dah that ang te; tui leh ei tur, mamawh tul ang lo khawl leh kawl te, power back-up neih te, tourch- light leh rik rum thila hman theih tur dang- whistle kawl te pawh a ni thei. First Aid kawl leh hliam enkawl dan hriat te; in chhan chhuah dan hmang chang hriat leh training neih te pawh a huam thei ang.

Chhiatna (Disaster) lamah hian nambar kan hriat reng tur chu 112 hi a ni. He namber hi India ram puma hman, Emergency Response Support System (ERSS) a ni a; mobile apps-ah pawh a awm a (playstore atanga download theih), call mai theih a ni bawk. Chhiatna eng pawh i lo tawk anih chuan, midangte i tanpui theih nan i himna a pawimawh hmasaber. Chhiar leh hriat mai a tawk lo, a taka che chhuak ve thei turin i inbuatsaih a tul. Chhiatna lam thuah chuan, invenna lama insenso tluka tha a awm lo ve.